{"id":14388,"date":"2026-06-17T11:40:04","date_gmt":"2026-06-17T11:40:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.microcontrol.net\/service\/measurement-technology\/temperature-measurement-with-thermocouples\/"},"modified":"2026-06-17T11:40:06","modified_gmt":"2026-06-17T11:40:06","slug":"temperature-measurement-with-thermocouples","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.microcontrol.net\/en\/service\/measurement-technology\/temperature-measurement-with-thermocouples\/","title":{"rendered":"Temperature Measurement with Thermocouples"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;Header&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.6&#8243; background_color_gradient_direction=&#8221;176deg&#8221; background_image=&#8221;https:\/\/www.microcontrol.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/MicoControl_Loesungen_Sensor.jpg&#8221; width=&#8221;90%&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;||||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;||||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;off|phone&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|0px||10vw|false|false&#8221; custom_padding_tablet=&#8221;||||false|true&#8221; background_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; parallax_phone=&#8221;off&#8221; parallax_method_phone=&#8221;off&#8221; background_size_phone=&#8221;cover&#8221; background_position_tablet=&#8221;bottom_center&#8221; background_position_phone=&#8221;bottom_center&#8221; custom_css_before=&#8221;content:%22%22;||    display: block;||    position: absolute;||    top: 0;||    left: 0;||    width: 100%;||    height: 100%;||background: rgb(0,0,0);||background: linear-gradient(160deg, rgba(0,0,0,0.3) 20%, rgba(255,255,255,0) 50%);||    z-index: 2;&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_css_before_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; custom_css_before_phone=&#8221;content:%22%22;||    display: block;||    position: absolute;||    top: 0;||    left: 0;||    width: 100%;||    height: 100%;||background: rgb(0,0,0);||background: linear-gradient(160deg, rgba(0,0,0,0.3) 20%, rgba(255,255,255,0) 50%);||    z-index: 2;&#8221;][et_pb_row column_structure=&#8221;1_2,1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color=&#8221;RGBA(0,0,0,0)&#8221; width=&#8221;100%&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|0px||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;||||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/www.microcontrol.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/MicroControl-Troisdorf-Germany.png&#8221; title_text=&#8221;MicroControl Troisdorf Germany&#8221; show_bottom_space=&#8221;off&#8221; align=&#8221;right&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; background_enable_image=&#8221;off&#8221; background_size=&#8221;contain&#8221; background_position=&#8221;bottom_right&#8221; 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_module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/lwp_divi_breadcrumbs][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; use_background_color_gradient=&#8221;on&#8221; background_color_gradient_stops=&#8221;#ffffff 0%|#ececec 100%&#8221; background_color_gradient_start=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; background_color_gradient_end=&#8221;#ececec&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||30px||false|false&#8221; collapsed=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color=&#8221;RGBA(0,0,0,0)&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;||5px|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.6&#8243; header_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; header_text_color=&#8221;#565655&#8243; header_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_line_height=&#8221;1.1em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; header_2_text_color=&#8221;#ef7c00&#8243; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; background_layout=&#8221;dark&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;||||false|false&#8221; header_font_size_tablet=&#8221;48px&#8221; header_font_size_phone=&#8221;28px&#8221; header_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h1><span style=\"color: #ef7c00;\">Temperature Measurement with Thermocouples<\/span><\/h1>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color=&#8221;RGBA(0,0,0,0)&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;7px||0px||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text disabled_on=&#8221;off|off|off&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.6&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;|300|||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#565655&#8243; text_font_size=&#8221;17px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.4em&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||20px||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]Thermocouples are among the most important temperature sensors in industrial measurement technology. They are particularly well-suited for applications involving wide temperature ranges, harsh environmental conditions, and compact sensor designs. Typical applications include machinery and equipment, test benches, furnace applications, process measurement technology, and laboratory set-ups.  <\/p>\n<p>However, the quality of the measurement depends not only on the probe itself, but also on the correct selection of the thermocouple type, cold junction compensation, and the proper evaluation of the sensor signal. A thermocouple does not directly provide an absolute temperature, but rather a small thermoelectric voltage resulting from a temperature difference. Therefore, the design of the measurement input is an essential component of the entire measurement chain.[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;||36px|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; column_structure=&#8221;1_2,1_2&#8243;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.6&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#ef7c00&#8243; text_font_size=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; header_2_text_color=&#8221;#ef7c00&#8243; header_2_font_size=&#8221;24px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||14px||false|false&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; module_id=&#8221;thermo-was-ist&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;]<\/p>\n<h2>What is a Thermocouple?<\/h2>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text disabled_on=&#8221;off|off|off&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.6&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;|300|||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#565655&#8243; text_font_size=&#8221;17px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.4em&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||0px|||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>A thermocouple is a temperature sensor consisting of two different metallic conductors or alloys that are connected at a junction. When a temperature difference is created between this junction and a reference point, an electrical voltage in the millivolt range is generated. This voltage is measured, and the temperature is calculated from it. This is the basic principle behind all industrial thermocouples.   <\/p>\n<p>Thermocouples are available in many standardized types. The specific combination of materials determines the <strong>thermo type<\/strong>, such as type J, K, N, R or T. JEach thermocouple type has its own characteristic curve, a typical range of application, and specific behaviour in terms of sensitivity, temperature range, and long-term stability. MicroControl supports types J, K, N, R, and T in the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.microcontrol.net\/en\/portfolio\/i-o-modules\/box\/mcan-4-ti-box\/\" title=\"\u00b5CAN.4.ti-BOX\">\u00b5CAN.4.ti-BOX<\/a>; the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.microcontrol.net\/en\/portfolio\/i-o-modules\/snap\/mcan-8-ti-snap\/\" title=\"\u00b5CAN.8.ti-SNAP\">\u00b5CAN.8.ti-SNAP<\/a> supports types E, J, K, L, N, R and T.  <\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.6&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;|300|||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#565655&#8243; text_font_size=&#8221;17px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.4em&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#E6E6E6&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;||50px|||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;8px||8px|8px|false|false&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; border_radii=&#8221;on|5px|5px|5px|5px&#8221; border_width_all=&#8221;1px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; theme_builder_area=&#8221;post_content&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;]<strong>Inhalt<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.microcontrol.net\/en\/service\/measurement-technology\/temperature-measurement-with-thermocouples\/#thermo-was-ist\">What is a Thermocouple?<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.microcontrol.net\/en\/service\/measurement-technology\/temperature-measurement-with-thermocouples\/#thermo-prinzip\">The Physical Principle of a Thermocouple<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.microcontrol.net\/en\/service\/measurement-technology\/temperature-measurement-with-thermocouples\/#thermo-wie-funktioniert\">How does Temperature measurement with Thermocouples Work?<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.microcontrol.net\/en\/service\/measurement-technology\/temperature-measurement-with-thermocouples\/#thermo-kaltstelle\">Why is Cold-Junction Compensation Necessary?<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.microcontrol.net\/en\/service\/measurement-technology\/temperature-measurement-with-thermocouples\/#thermo-messeingang\">Cold-Junction Compensation at the Measurement Input<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.microcontrol.net\/en\/service\/measurement-technology\/temperature-measurement-with-thermocouples\/#thermo-faq\">FAQ: Temperature Measurement with Thermocouples<\/a><br \/>\n[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; use_background_color_gradient=&#8221;on&#8221; background_color_gradient_stops=&#8221;#ffffff 0%|#ececec 100%&#8221; background_color_gradient_start=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; background_color_gradient_end=&#8221;#ececec&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||30px||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color=&#8221;RGBA(0,0,0,0)&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;34px|auto|0px|auto|false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;7px||0px||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.6&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#ef7c00&#8243; text_font_size=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; header_2_text_color=&#8221;#ef7c00&#8243; header_2_font_size=&#8221;24px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||14px||false|false&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; module_id=&#8221;thermo-prinzip&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;]<\/p>\n<h2>The Physical Principle of a Thermocouple<\/h2>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text disabled_on=&#8221;off|off|off&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.6&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;|300|||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#565655&#8243; text_font_size=&#8221;17px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.4em&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||0px|||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>The fundamental physical principle behind a thermocouple is the <strong>Seebeck effect<\/strong>. When there is a temperature difference within a conductor, or between two different conductive materials, charge carriers respond to it to different degrees. This generates a measurable electrical voltage. In a thermocouple, this effect is specifically utilized by connecting two different materials at the measurement point. The resulting thermoelectric voltage depends on the temperature difference between the measurement point and the reference point, as well as on the materials used.    <\/p>\n<p>It is important to understand that a thermocouple does not directly measure an absolute temperature, but rather a temperature difference. The actual temperature at the measurement point can only be determined if the reference point is clearly defined and measured. This is precisely why cold-junction compensation is an indispensable part of any precise thermocouple measurement.  <\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; use_background_color_gradient=&#8221;on&#8221; background_color_gradient_stops=&#8221;#ffffff 0%|#ececec 100%&#8221; background_color_gradient_start=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; background_color_gradient_end=&#8221;#ececec&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||30px||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color=&#8221;RGBA(0,0,0,0)&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;34px|auto|0px|auto|false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;7px||0px||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.6&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#ef7c00&#8243; text_font_size=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; header_2_text_color=&#8221;#ef7c00&#8243; header_2_font_size=&#8221;24px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||14px||false|false&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; module_id=&#8221;thermo-wie-funktioniert&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;]<\/p>\n<h2>How does Temperature Measurement with Thermocouples Work?<\/h2>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text disabled_on=&#8221;off|off|off&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.6&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;|300|||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#565655&#8243; text_font_size=&#8221;17px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.4em&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||25px||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>In practice, the measuring junction of the thermocouple is located at the point where the temperature is to be measured. The other end of the thermocouple is connected to the measurement input. At this point, junctions are formed with other conductor materials, typically copper wires and the input structure of the measurement module. This connection point serves as the reference junction, which is often referred to as the <strong>cold-junction<\/strong> in thermocouple technolgy.   <\/p>\n<p>The measurement input detects the thermoelectric voltage of the sensor and converts it into a temperature value using the characteristic curve associated with the selected thermocouple type. It should be noted that <strong>the thermoelectric voltage of a thermocouple is not in an ideal linear relationship with temperature.<\/strong> The relationship between voltage and temperature depends on the specific thermocouple type and must be kept in mind accordingly during evaluation. <\/p>\n<p>This is why for precise measurement results a simple linear conversion is insufficient. Instead, the temperature value is calculated using stored characteristic curves, polynomials, or <strong>lookup tables<\/strong>. In addition, the temperature of the reference point must be considered. Only the combination of voltage measurement, characteristic curve conversion, and cold junction compensation provides the correct temperature value at the measurement point.   <\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.6&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; use_background_color_gradient=&#8221;on&#8221; background_color_gradient_stops=&#8221;#ffffff 0%|#ececec 100%&#8221; background_color_gradient_start=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; background_color_gradient_end=&#8221;#ececec&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;20px||25px||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.6&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#ef7c00&#8243; text_font_size=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; header_2_text_color=&#8221;#ef7c00&#8243; header_2_font_size=&#8221;24px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||14px||false|false&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; module_id=&#8221;thermo-kaltstelle&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;]<\/p>\n<h2>Why is Cold-Junction Compensation Necessary?<\/h2>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text disabled_on=&#8221;off|off|off&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.6&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;|300|||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#565655&#8243; text_font_size=&#8221;17px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.4em&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||25px||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>Cold-junction compensation is necessary because a thermocouple does not measure absolute temperatures, but only the temperature difference between the measurement point and the reference point. In standard tables and characteristic curves, the thermoelectric voltage is usually referenced to a <strong>reference point of 0 \u00b0C<\/strong>. In real-life devices, however, the connection point of the thermocouple is not located in an ice bath of 0 \u00b0C, but typically somewhere on the module or in the control cabinet at a different temperature. This deviation must be compensated for.   <\/p>\n<p>Without cold junction compensation, the measurement input would evaluate only the existing temperature difference and thus provide an incorrect absolute temperature value. Cold junction compensation corrects this effect by additionally measuring the temperature at the reference point and including it in the calculation. In practice, it replaces the historical method of keeping the reference point constantly at 0 \u00b0C.  <\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.6&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; use_background_color_gradient=&#8221;on&#8221; background_color_gradient_stops=&#8221;#ffffff 0%|#ececec 100%&#8221; background_color_gradient_start=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; background_color_gradient_end=&#8221;#ececec&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;20px||25px||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.6&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#ef7c00&#8243; text_font_size=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; header_2_text_color=&#8221;#ef7c00&#8243; header_2_font_size=&#8221;24px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||14px||false|false&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; module_id=&#8221;thermo-messeingang&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;]<\/p>\n<h2><b>Cold-Junction Compensation at the Measurement Input<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text disabled_on=&#8221;off|off|off&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.6&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;|300|||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#565655&#8243; text_font_size=&#8221;17px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.4em&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||25px||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]For industrial measurement modules, integrated cold-junction compensation is particularly important because it makes thermocouple measurement practical. The reference point is physically located on the module or at its connection point. Therefore, the temperature must be measured locally at that point and automatically factored into the calculation.  <\/p>\n<p>With MicroControl, cold-junction compensation is provided on the module or directly at the measurement input. 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global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row disabled_on=&#8221;off|off|off&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.24.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color=&#8221;RGBA(0,0,0,0)&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;34px|auto|0px|auto|false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;7px||0px||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.24.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.6&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#ef7c00&#8243; text_font_size=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; header_2_text_color=&#8221;#ef7c00&#8243; header_2_font_size=&#8221;24px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||14px||false|false&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; module_id=&#8221;thermo-faq&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;]<\/p>\n<h2>FAQ: Temperature Measurement with Thermocouples<\/h2>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.6&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#ef7c00&#8243; text_font_size=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; header_2_text_color=&#8221;#ef7c00&#8243; header_2_font_size=&#8221;24px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||14px||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3><b>What is the basic physical principle behind a thermocouple? <\/b><\/h3>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.6&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;|300|||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#565655&#8243; text_font_size=&#8221;17px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.4em&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||50px|||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>A thermocouple is based on the <strong>Seebeck effect<\/strong>. When there is a temperature difference, two different metallic conductors generate an electrical voltage. This thermoelectric voltage is measured and converted into a temperature value using the characteristic curve of the selected thermocouple type.  <\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.6&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#ef7c00&#8243; text_font_size=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; header_2_text_color=&#8221;#ef7c00&#8243; header_2_font_size=&#8221;24px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||14px||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3><b>Why do I need cold-junction compensation?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.6&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;|300|||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#565655&#8243; text_font_size=&#8221;17px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.4em&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||50px|||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]Because a thermocouple measures only the temperature difference between the measurement point and the reference point. To determine the absolute temperature at the measurement point, the temperature of the reference point must be known and included in the calculation. This is exactly what cold-junction compensation does.[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.6&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#ef7c00&#8243; text_font_size=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; header_2_text_color=&#8221;#ef7c00&#8243; header_2_font_size=&#8221;24px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||14px||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3><b>Why is cold-junction compensation useful on the module? <\/b><\/h3>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.6&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;|300|||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#565655&#8243; text_font_size=&#8221;17px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.4em&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||50px|||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]In practice, the reference point is located at the connection of the measurement module and not at the idealized 0 \u00b0C. Therefore, it makes sense to measure the temperature directly at the measurement input and automatically include it in the conversion.[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.6&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#ef7c00&#8243; text_font_size=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; header_2_text_color=&#8221;#ef7c00&#8243; header_2_font_size=&#8221;24px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||14px||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3><b>Why isn&#8217;t a linear conversion of voltage sufficient for thermocouples? <\/b><\/h3>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.6&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;|300|||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#565655&#8243; text_font_size=&#8221;17px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.4em&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||50px|||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]Because the thermoelectric voltage of a thermocouple does not increase in a perfectly linear manner with temperature. Each thermocouple type has its own nonlinear voltage-temperature characteristic curve. For precise results, this characteristic curve must be considered during analysis.[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.6&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#ef7c00&#8243; text_font_size=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; header_2_text_color=&#8221;#ef7c00&#8243; header_2_font_size=&#8221;24px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||14px||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3><b>How is the thermocouple voltage converted to a temperature value? <\/b><\/h3>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.6&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;|300|||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#565655&#8243; text_font_size=&#8221;17px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.4em&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||50px|||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>The conversion is performed using either characteristic curves, mathematical approximations, or lookup tables. In MicroControl devices, the thermocouple voltage is corrected by the software using <strong>lookup tables<\/strong>. <\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.6&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#ef7c00&#8243; text_font_size=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; header_2_text_color=&#8221;#ef7c00&#8243; header_2_font_size=&#8221;24px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||14px||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3><b>Why is it important to select the correct thermocouple type? <\/b><\/h3>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.6&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;|300|||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#565655&#8243; text_font_size=&#8221;17px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.4em&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||50px|||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]Each thermocouple type has its own voltage-temperature characteristic curve. If the device is set to a different type than the one connected to the sensor, the temperature calculation will inevitably be incorrect.[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; disabled_on=&#8221;off|off|off&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#ef7c00&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;0px||0px||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;48px||48px||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row use_custom_gutter=&#8221;on&#8221; gutter_width=&#8221;2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color=&#8221;RGBA(0,0,0,0)&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; header_3_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; header_3_text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; header_3_text_color=&#8221;#ef7c00&#8243; background_color=&#8221;#FFFFFF&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||0px||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;10px||0px|10px|false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3>You would like to get more information?<\/h3>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=&#8221;2_5,3_5&#8243; use_custom_gutter=&#8221;on&#8221; gutter_width=&#8221;1&#8243; make_equal=&#8221;on&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color=&#8221;RGBA(0,0,0,0)&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;0px||||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px|1px|0px||false|false&#8221; border_color_bottom=&#8221;RGBA(0,0,0,0)&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;2_5&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; 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custom_padding=&#8221;30px||30px||false|false&#8221; border_color_top=&#8221;#FFFFFF&#8221; border_color_bottom=&#8221;#FFFFFF&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>Write an email or give us a call.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_cta][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"et_pb_module lwp_divi_breadcrumbs lwp_divi_breadcrumbs_0\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module_inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"lwp-breadcrumbs\"> <span class=\"before\"><\/span> <span vocab=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/\" typeof=\"BreadcrumbList\"><span property=\"itemListElement\" typeof=\"ListItem\"><a property=\"item\" typeof=\"WebPage\" href=\"https:\/\/www.microcontrol.net\/en\/\" class=\"home\"><span property=\"name\">Home<\/span><\/a><meta property=\"position\" content=\"1\"><\/span> <span class=\"separator et-pb-icon\">&#x39;<\/span> <\/span><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>Temperature Measurement with ThermocouplesThermocouples are among the most important temperature sensors in industrial measurement technology. They are particularly well-suited for applications involving wide temperature ranges, harsh environmental conditions, and compact sensor designs. Typical applications include machinery and equipment, test benches, furnace applications, process measurement technology, and laboratory set-ups. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"parent":14344,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-14388","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Temperature Measurement with Thermocouples | MicroControl<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"This is how temperature measurement with thermocouples works: learn about the Seebeck effect, thermo types and cold-junction compensation.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.microcontrol.net\/en\/service\/measurement-technology\/temperature-measurement-with-thermocouples\/\" \/>\n<meta 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